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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Intrabeam scattering ： ウィキペディア英語版 Intrabeam scattering Intrabeam scattering (IBS) is an effect in accelerator physics where collisions between particles couple the beam emittance in all three dimensions. This generally causes the beam size to grow. In proton accelerators, intrabeam scattering causes the beam to grow slowly over a period of several hours. This limits the luminosity lifetime. In circular lepton accelerators, intrabeam scattering is counteracted by radiation damping, resulting in a new equilibrium beam emittance with a relaxation time on the order of milliseconds. Intrabeam scattering creates an inverse relationship between the smallness of the beam and the number of particles it contains, therefore limiting luminosity. The two principal methods for calculating the effects of intrabeam scattering were done by Anton Piwinski in 1974 and James Bjorken and Sekazi Mtingwa in 1983. The Bjorken-Mtingwa formulation is regarded as being the most general solution. Both of these methods are computationally intensive. Several approximations of these methods have been done that are easier to evaluate, but less general. These approximations are summarized in ''Intrabeam scattering formulas for high energy beams'' by K. Kubo ''et al.'' Intrabeam scattering rates have a $1/\backslash gamma^$ dependence. This means that its effects diminish with increasing beam energy. Other ways of mitigating IBS effects are the use of wigglers, and reducing beam intensity. Transverse intrabeam scattering rates are sensitive to dispersion. Intrabeam scattering is closely related to the Touschek effect. The Touschek effect is a lifetime based on intrabeam collisions that result in both particles being ejected from the beam. Intrabeam scattering is a risetime based on intrabeam collisions that result in momentum coupling. ==Bjorken–Mtingwa formulation== The betatron growth rates for intrabeam scattering are defined as, : $\backslash frac\}\backslash \; \backslash frac\}$, : $\backslash frac\}\backslash \; \backslash frac\}\; \backslash frac\}$, : $\backslash frac\}\backslash \; \backslash frac\}\; \backslash frac\}$. The following is general to all bunched beams, : $\backslash frac)\; \backslash left\backslash langle\; \backslash int\_^\; \backslash ,d\backslash lambda\backslash \; \backslash frac(L+\backslash lambda"\; TITLE="\backslash operatorname(L+\backslash lambda">I)\; )^\}$ \left\\operatorname\left(\frac\right) - 3 \operatorname\left(+ (\beta_\eta'_ - \frac\beta'_\eta_h)^2 )/\beta_ :$\backslash phi\_\; =\; \backslash eta\text{'}\_\; -\; \backslash frac\backslash beta\text{'}\_\backslash eta\_/\backslash beta\_$ Definitions: :$r\_0^2$ is the classical radius of the particle :$c$ is the speed of light :$N$ is the number of particles per bunch :$\backslash beta$ is velocity divided by the speed of light :$\backslash gamma$ is energy divided by mass :$\backslash beta\_$ and $\backslash beta\text{'}\_$ is the betatron function and its derivative, respectively :$\backslash eta\_$ and $\backslash eta\text{'}\_$ is the dispersion function and its derivative, respectively :$\backslash epsilon\_$ is the emittance :$\backslash sigma\_s$ is the bunch length :$\backslash sigma\_p$ is the momentum spread :$b\_$ and $b\_$ are the minimum and maximum impact parameters. The minimum impact parameter is the closest distance of approach between two particles in a collision. The maximum impact parameter is the largest distance between two particles such that their trajectories are unaltered by the collision. The maximum impact parameter should be taken to be the minimum beam size. See 〔B. Nash ''et al.'', "A New analysis of intrabeam scattering", Conf.Proc. C030512 (2003) 126, http://inspirehep.net/record/623294〕〔http://www.slac.stanford.edu/pubs/slacreports/slac-r-820.html〕 for some analysis of the Coulomb log and support for this result. :$\backslash theta\_$ is the minimum scattering angle. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Intrabeam scattering」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.